Applying for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) When a Child Who Is Legally Blind Turns 18

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Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a needs-based benefit program that offers financial assistance to individuals who have serious health conditions or disabilities such as blindness or low vision. If your child who is blind or low vision has applied for SSI, there are certain things you need to know about turning 18 and making the transition to adulthood.

Age-18 Redetermination for Teenagers Who Are Blind or Low Vision

If your child was approved for SSI benefits and is now receiving monthly payments, it is important to familiarize yourself with the changes that will occur as he or she gets older—most importantly, age-18 redetermination.

When your child first filed for SSI benefits, he or she was evaluated based on childhood eligibility requirements. When your teenager turns 18 however, the Social Security Administration (SSA) will consider him or her to be an adult and will conduct a “redetermination.” They will reevaluate your child’s claim using adult eligibility requirements.

SSI Eligibility for Adults with Vision Loss

The first aspect of SSI eligibility affected by redetermination is financial eligibility. The evaluation of child applicants depends on the income and resources of their parent or guardian. When applicants turn 18, the SSA evaluates them based on their own income. Because it is not likely that your child earns more money than you, this typically results in a higher monthly payment.

The second aspect of SSI eligibility that is affected by redetermination is medical eligibility. The evaluation of both adults and children is based on the standards outlined in the SSA’s blue book. This book contains listings for all potentially disabling conditions and is divided into two sections—one for children and one for adults. When your child turns 18, it is important to consult the adult blue book listings to see that your child meets the adult standards. Vision loss is covered in the following section: listing 2.00—Special Senses and Speech.

If your child does not meet the adult income or medical requirements, they will not continue to receive SSI benefits. For eligible children, keep medical records and financial statements updated for redetermination.

If denied benefits due to finances, consider reapplying at 18. Eligibility will then depend on their income, not the parent’s or guardian’s.

Preparing for Redetermination

Before your child turns 18, the SSA will send a letter about the age-18 redetermination. It is important that you follow all instructions carefully and respond quickly to any requests made by the SSA.

As part of the redetermination process, your child must attend an interview at your local Social Security office. At this time, you will be able to present medical and financial records to validate your child’s claim. For a complete list of necessary items, visit the Adult Disability Checklist (PDF).

Once the interview is complete, the SSA will send you a letter containing the details of their decision. If approved, your child will continue to receive SSI benefits. If denied, you can appeal the SSA’s decision.

For more information regarding age-18 redetermination, visit www.disability-benefits-help.org/blog/redetermination.